Heat Recovery (Pinch) Analysis


WHY HEAT RECOVERY?

Heat recovery is one of the most effective and economic levers to improve the energy efficiency of industrial processes.

Often more than half of the total energy consumption is used for heating and cooling. Recovering this energy directly within the process reduces operating costs, lowers CO₂ emissions and improves overall sustainability performance.

At the same time, regulatory requirements and reporting obligations are increasing, making a structured and economically sound heat recovery concept more important than ever.


Our heat recovery (Pinch) analysis approach is a systematic method to identify the technically and economically optimal heat recovery and utility concept for industrial processes, typically reducing thermal energy demand by 10–40%, often resulting in significant energy cost savings attractive payback times of 1–4 years.

A structured heat recovery pinch analysis provides:

  • Clear heat recovery targets (minimum heating and cooling demand)
  • Optimal heat recovery and heat pump integration
  • Prioritisation of technically feasible measures

  • An investment-optimized concept considering CAPEX, OPEX and payback time

  • A sound basis for decarbonisation and utility system optimization

Unlike isolated measures, pinch analysis evaluates the entire process energy system to avoid sub-optimal or conflicting solutions.


How does a heat recovery pinch analysis work - in simple terms?

  • Collect the process streams: We list all process steps that need heating (cold streams) and those that release waste heat / need cooling (hot streams), including inlet/outlet temperature and heat load. During this step we also challenge requirements (e.g., “do we really need this temperature?”), which often reveals quick wins.

  • Create the composite curves: All hot streams are combined into the Hot Composite Curve, and all cold streams into the Cold Composite Curve. The curves are a condensed “energy picture” of the whole plant across temperature levels.

  • Identify the theoretical heat recovery potential: The overlap between both curves shows how much heat could be recovered internally in theory (HR Pot.). From the same diagram we also derive the minimum remaining Hot Utility (HU) and Cold Utility (CU) needed from external supply.

  • Find the best ΔTmin (CAPEX vs. OPEX): Heat recovery depends on the minimum temperature difference ΔTmin: a smaller ΔTmin increases the heat recovery and reduces energy cost, but requires larger heat exchanger area (higher investment). We evaluate this trade-off to select an economically reasonable ΔTmin.

  • Turn theory into a practical concept: The potential heat recovery HR Pot. provides the benchmark; next we translate it into a realistic concept considering layout, operability and economics. The result is a prioritised set of measures, including heat exchanger network improvements and—where useful—heat pumps or CHP to upgrade low-temperature waste heat.

Composite Curves Pinch Analysis
Exemplary hot and cold composite curves. Shifting the cold CC to the left reduces the dTmin, increases the heat recovery potential (HR Pot.) and reduces the need for cold and hot utility (CU resp. HU)

Management-Summary: a Pinch Analysis...

  1. Maps where heat is used and where it is wasted
  2. Shows how much heat can optimally be recovered

  3. Balances investment cost vs. energy savings

  4. Defines minimum heating and cooling needs

  5. Turns theory into practical, implementable solution


Our Offer

The key question is not whether heat recovery is possible, but how much potential exists and which level of analysis is needed to identify the optimal integration. A structured approach is essential: implementing local heat recovery measures without understanding the overall system often leads to sub-optimal results and missed potential.

 

Offered heat recovery analysis and implementation services:

  1. Rough Heat Recovery Screening
    Fast, structured overview to identify heat recovery potential and define the right next steps.
  2. Full Heat Recovery (Pinch) Analysis
    Detailed, investment-optimised, site-wide heat recovery and utility concept.
  3. Adaptation and multi-site rollout of heat recovery concepts
    Replication and scaling of proven concepts across multiple sites or production lines.
  4. Implementation Support
    Independent expert support during engineering, procurement and implementation.

Based on our experience, we usually recommend the following procedure:

 

1. Screening → 2. Full Pinch → 3. Rollout → 4. Implementation

 

Starting with the Rough Heat Recovery Screening, these essential questions are answered: 

Does the process have relevant heat recovery potential? How large is it approximately? And is the system complexity high enough to justify a full pinch analysis—or is the situation already clear enough to directly design selected heat recovery solutions?

which level of analysis is right for your site?

In some cases, where the heat recovery potential and the complexity of the plant is evident enough, also a direct start into a Full Heat Recovery Pinch Analysis can make sense and the overall analysis duration and the consulting cost can slightly be reduced. In most cases however, staring with Rough Heat Recovery Screening does not relevantly increase total cost and time but enables minimal upfront effort.

Start with a Rough Heat Recovery Screening if:

  • you want a fast, structured overview of where heat is used and wasted

  • you need an order-of-magnitude estimate of heat recovery and CO₂ reduction potential

  • you want a clear recommendation for next steps: full pinch analysis vs. direct design of selected measures

  • you want to align internal stakeholders before going into a detailed study

Typical outcome:
Go / No-Go decision for a full pinch analysis or direct concept design of selected heat recovery measures.

 

Typical cost range:
EUR / USD / CHF: 5’000 – 20’000+

A Full Heat Recovery Pinch Analysis is recommended if:

  • you want an investment-optimized site-wide concept (CAPEX vs. OPEX trade-off)

  • the site has several heating and cooling tasks across different temperature levels

  • you are interested in potential heat pump / CHP / utility integration as part of the concept

  • you need a prioritised measure package with economic evaluation for implementation planning

Typical outcome:
A detailed, prioritized heat recovery and utility concept with economic evaluation and an implementation roadmap.

 

Typical cost range:
EUR / USD / CHF: 30’000 – 100’000+


Important note:

The actual effort depends on site complexity, number of relevant process streams, data availability and batch vs. continuous operation. An initial Rough Heat Recovery Screening often helps to define the optimal level of analysis with minimal upfront effort. The consulting work performed within a Rough Heat Recovery Study is not lost when subsequently starting a Full Pinch Analysis. Most often, the findings and investigations of the Rough Heat Recovery Screening build an optimal foundation and starting point for a Full Heat Recovery Pinch Study and usually enables us to reduce the cost of the latter.


1. Rough Heat Recovery Screening

A rough heat recovery pinch analysis is a fast screening to identify major energy consumers, waste heat sources and the overall heat recovery potential of a plant.

Within a rough heat recovery screening, the main energy consumers are identified and the energy saving potential as well as the reduction potential of CO2 emissions are roughly estimated. Waste heat sources are listed and approaches for energy recovery are developed. As a result, recommendations for further actions will be worked out: e.g. if a detailed Full Heat Recovery Pinch Analysis would make sense or to directly go on with implementing the proposed heat recovery systems.

Main Features

  • Get to know the overall system/processes
  • Rough estimation of energy saving potential
  • Approaches to increasing energy efficiency
  • Next steps defined:
    • More detailed Full Pinch analysis needed?
    • Or go on in implementing the heat recovery systems
Industrial energy flow diagram – heat recovery screening
Exemplary energy flow diagram illustrating typical heat sources, sinks and losses as a basis for a rough heat recovery screening. (Illustrative example, source: ifu.com.)

When does a (Rough) Pinch analysis make sense?

  • Production plants with thermal processes (continuous or batch)
  • Planning of new plants and retrofit
  • Heating and cooling tasks at different temperature levels
  • Annual costs for thermal energy over about 200’000 EUR

Which questions will be answered

  • How big is the approximate energy demand of the system/process?
  • How much energy can approximately be saved?
  • Is a further detailed Pinch analysis appropriate?

Provided Results

  • Efficiency improvement and CO2 reduction potential
  • Potential for economic measures
  • Basis for long-term planning (action plan)
  • Early identification of possibilities to get public financial support (for energy and/or CO2 reduction measures)


2. Full Heat Recovery (Pinch) Analysis

A full pinch analysis provides a technically sound and economically optimised heat recovery and utility concept for industrial plants.

Main Features

  • Energy savings of 10-40%
  • Significant CO2-reduction
  • Payback of 1-4 years
  • Strong ROI, positive NPV
Composite Curves Pinch Analysis
Exemplary hot and cold composite curves. Shifting the cold CC to the left reduces the dTmin, increases the heat recovery potential (HR Pot.) and reduces the need for cold and hot utility (CU resp. HU)

TYPICAL SCOPE

  • Complete analysis of process, plant and energy supply

  • Evaluation of heating and cooling tasks at different temperature levels

  • Optimal integration of heat recovery
  • Integration of utilities (steam, hot water, heat pumps, CHP, etc.)

When does a Pinch analysis make sense?

  • Production plants with thermal processes (continuous or batch)
  • Planning of new plants or optimal heat recery integration into existing plant (retrofit)
  • Heating and cooling tasks at different temperature levels
  • Annual costs for thermal energy over about 200’000 EUR

Interested in a structured heat recovery or pinch analysis for your site? Contact our experts to discuss scope, effort and expected benefits:

KEY QUESTIONS answered

  • How big is the necessary energy demand (requirement?), if a completely energy-optimized process would be given?
  • Where is the economic optimum regarding investment and operating costs?
  • How can this optimal condition be achieved?
  • Which energy supply is optimal for the entire system (steam boiler, heat pump, combined heat and power unit, etc.)?
  • Is the existing energy supply optimally integrated into the system?

Provided Results

  • Information on the absolute energy and CO2 saving potential
  • Optimal and "realistic" measures for optimized heat recovery and energy supply
  • "Correct" integration of HP, CHP etc. into industrial processes
  • Catalogue of measures with technical/economic assessment (costs, benefits, payback)
  • Strategic planning of the implementation of measures

How does the process of a Pinch analysis work

  • Data extraction
  • Process analysis, energy and mass balances
  • Drawing of energy flow diagram and P&ID
  • Creation of an energy stream table of all relevant energy streams
  • Questioning process conditions
  • Define process requirements
  • Define perimeter of the Pinch analysis
  • Pinch analysis
  • Modelling of energy streams with Pinch software
  • Composite Curves
  • Targeting
  • Heat exchanger network
  • List of measures with economical indicators
  • Verification of technical and economic feasibility of the measures
  • (Iterative adaption of the heat exchanger network)
  • Packages of measures recommended for implementation incl. prioritization
Process Pinch Analysis Duration


3. Adaption and Multi Site Rollout of Heat Recovery Concepts

You have already elaborated a Pinch analysis on an existing plant and would like to apply the results to similar plant(s)? Then our pragmatic Adaption and Multi Site Rollout solution fits perfectly.

  • Study existing Pinch analysis and the recommended measures
  • Data extraction of the relevant process flows of the new plant
  • Adapt measures to the process flows of the new plant
  • Checking the technical feasibility
  • Recalculation of the energy and CO2 savings as well as of the economic key figures (stat. Payback, NPV, ROI)

Many industrial groups operate multiple sites with similar processes. After an initial screening or full pinch analysis, we support the structured rollout of proven measures across sites—ensuring consistent targets, comparable business cases and a prioritised implementation roadmap.

  • Standardised approach and templates for site data collection
  • Re-validation of heat recovery potential and utilities per site
  • Portfolio view: savings, CAPEX, payback and project prioritisation

4. Implementation Support and Heat Recovery Engineering

Anytherm supports customers from concept to implementation—as a solution-independent heat recovery expert and, where suitable, also as a heat recuperator product partner for selected applications.

 

Anytherm provides solution- and product-independent consulting. For specific applications—especially exhaust air and flue gas heat recovery—we can also contribute in-depth practical know-how based on our own technical solutions. For other applications (e.g. liquid/liquid heat recovery), we typically support technology selection and supplier evaluation. In all cases, our consulting remains strictly solution- and product-neutral and focuses on the technically and economically optimal solution.

 

 

For implementation in existing or new plants, customers often work with EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) contractors. We support by ensuring that the findings of the heat recovery analysis are translated into a feasible, operable design and correctly implemented.

 

  • Implementation Support
  • Expert support during engineering and detailed design
  • Joint workshops with engineering / EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) contractors
  • Ensuring correct translation of Pinch concepts into detailed design
  • Support during supplier selection and evaluation
  • Engineering of the heat recovery system for selected applications

Conclusions - Get in Touch!

"The target is to operate a process at required throughput and product quality with minimum energy, resource requirements and emissions."

In industry, often more than half of the energy is used for heating and cooling processes. It is therefore important to analyze these processes more closely and optimize them in terms of energy consumption, (CO2) emissions, as well as investment and operating costs. 

Classical energy optimization approaches focus on improving individual apparatuses or infrastructure facilities. Experience shows, however, that a greater overall increase in energy efficiency can usually be achieved by optimally linking energy flows in the overall system. To increase energy efficiency, heat recovery back into the process is essential.

The Pinch analysis systematically examines the entire system (process, production plant, and energy supply). Then, a technically feasible and economically optimized plant design is generated (considering investment and operating costs).

With the recommended measures, the energy requirements of industrial processes can usually be reduced by 10% to 40%. The payback period is tipically in the range of one to four years.

Pinch analysis is also a valuable tool when planning new systems/plants and processes ⇒ “First Time Right!"

Planning a new plant, a major retrofit or intereted about the benefits of an optimally integrated heat recovery system?

A systematic heat recovery pinch analysis helps to get the energy concept right from the start!


Anytherm: Advising in a Solution-Oriented, Competent and Neutral Manner